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<title>Workplace Shell</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Workplace Shell</span></span>

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<p>The <b>Workplace Shell</b> (<b>WPS</b>) is an <a href="Object-oriented_user_interface" title="Object-oriented user interface">object-oriented</a> desktop shell (also called <a href="Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop environment</a>) produced by <a href="IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>'s <a href="Boca_Raton%2C_Florida" title="Boca Raton, Florida">Boca Raton</a> development lab for <a href="OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a> 2.0. It is based on <a href="IBM_Common_User_Access" title="IBM Common User Access">Common User Access</a> and made a radical shift away from the <a href="Program_Manager" title="Program Manager">Program Manager</a> type interface that earlier versions of <a href="OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a> shared with <a href="Windows_3.1x" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 3.1x">Windows 3.x</a> or the application-oriented <a href="WIMP_(computing)" title="WIMP (computing)">WIMP</a> interface of the <a href="Apple_Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Macintosh">Apple Macintosh</a>. The Workplace Shell was also used in OS/2 Warp 3 and Warp 4, and the OS/2-based operating systems <a href="EComStation" title="EComStation">eComStation</a> and <a href="ArcaOS" title="ArcaOS">ArcaOS</a>.

</p><p>IBM originally intended to deliver the Workplace Shell as part of the <a href="IBM_OfficeVision" title="IBM OfficeVision">OfficeVision/2 LAN</a> product, but in 1991 announced plans to release it as part of OS/2 2.0 instead.<sup id="cite_ref-Desmond1991_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Desmond1991-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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</p><p>Although mostly written in <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, under the covers the Workplace Shell is implemented as an object-oriented class library, basing on the <a href="IBM_System_Object_Model" title="IBM System Object Model">System Object Model</a> (SOM). The WPS classes are glued together with an <a href="Interface_description_language" title="Interface description language">interface definition language</a> (IDL). SOM and its IDL was developed by IBM in their <a href="Austin%2C_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a> lab.

The classes can easily be manipulated by sending simple settings strings (like "KEYWORD=VALUE;") to them both via a C and a <a href="REXX" class="mw-redirect" title="REXX">Rexx</a> <a href="Application_programming_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Application programming interface">API</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WorkplaceShellRedbook_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WorkplaceShellRedbook-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OS/2WorkplaceShellAPI_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OS/2WorkplaceShellAPI-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>When implementing a new WPS class, it is derived from an existing class from within the WPS class hierarchy. For modifying, extending or removing certain functionality of the parent class, often only a few methods of the parent class need to be overwritten by the developer. All other functionality of the parent class can safely remain unchanged, ensuring the seamless integration of the added or modified functionality and with that the consistency of the remaining user interface.

</p><p>The resulting object class is shipped in <a href="Dynamic-link_library" title="Dynamic-link library">DLL</a> form. Once the new object class implemented by it is registered with the Workplace Shell and an instance of this class is created, it can be acted on by the user or other programs as every other Workplace Shell object.

</p><p>A part of the WPS design allows for the developer of a class Y which extends or modifies a class X to execute an additional <a href="API" title="API">API</a> on installation which will let the WPS 'replace' class X by class Y. This will make even all existing instances of class X behave as instances of the modified class Y; i.e., almost a retroactive <a href="Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Inheritance (object-oriented programming)">inheritance</a>. This allows for many useful third-party desktop utilities that add or modify functionality to or of existing objects without access to IBM's source code. Where the IDL and class headers also of derived classes are published, these classes can as well be extended in turn in the same way.

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<ul><li><a href="Shadow_(OS/2)" title="Shadow (OS/2)">Shadow (OS/2)</a></li>

<li><a href="Workplace_OS" title="Workplace OS">Workplace OS</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFDesmond1991" class="citation cs2">Desmond, Paul (1 July 1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fBIEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA51">"IBM refocuses office tool"</a>, <i><a href="Network_World" class="mw-redirect" title="Network World">Network World</a></i>, vol. 8, no. 26, International Data Group, p. 51, <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0887-7661">0887-7661</a>, <q>IBM last week said some features originally scheduled to ship in OfficeVision/2 LAN will be bundled into the current release of the product, while others will be either integrated into OS/2 or delayed indefinitely... IBM's Workplace Shell, an enhanced graphical user interface, is being lifted from OfficeVision/2 LAN to be included in OS/2 2.0... The shell offers the capability to trigger processes by dragging and dropping icons on the desktop, such as dropping a file into an electronic wastebasket. Porting that feature to the operating system will let any application take advantage of the interface...</q></cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-WorkplaceShellRedbook-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WorkplaceShellRedbook_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOscar_Cepeda1994" class="citation book cs1">Oscar Cepeda (May 12, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050504012447/https://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/gg244201.pdf"><i>OS/2 Configuration Techniques: "Cracking" the Workplace Shell</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. IBM Redbooks. IBM Corporation, International Technical Support Organization. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780738405742</bdi>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/gg244201.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 May 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2013</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-OS/2WorkplaceShellAPI-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OS/2WorkplaceShellAPI_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMindy_Pollack1995" class="citation book cs1">Mindy Pollack (1995). Marc A. Stock (ed.). <i>OS/2 Workplace Shell API</i>. New York: Wiley. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780471038726</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li>A well-known free and open source Workplace Shell extension package named <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xworkplace.netlabs.org">xWorkplace</a> (for extended workplace) makes widely use of class replacement, introducing many new features to the user interface.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osfree.org/">osFree</a>, which seeks to entirely reimplement OS/2 as free software.</li>

<li>For OS/2 and eComStation developers, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wpstk.netlabs.org">Workplace Shell Toolkit</a> eases common programming tasks when creating WPS classes, as well as for plain <a href="Presentation_Manager" title="Presentation Manager">Presentation Manager</a> programming.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://distro.ibiblio.org/amigolinux/download/DeskTop/IconMgmt/dfm-0.99.9/kaisersite.dedfm.html">DFM</a> (Desktop File Manager) is a Linux file manager for the <a href="X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a>, inspired by the WPS.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toastytech.com/guis/wps.html">Workplace Shell for Windows</a> is a freeware clone of the WPS made for Windows unofficially by IBM employees.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.gaby.de/pub/win3x/wpsfw151.zip">Download Workplace Shell for Windows</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.os2ezine.com/v1n6/wps4win.html">OS2eZine Article: WPS for Windows v1.51</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/forums/html/topic?id=77777777-0000-0000-0000-000014706678">Download Workplace Shell for Windows 1.51 Source Code</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="OS/2305" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Developers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> (1.0 to 1.3 only)</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ed_Iacobucci" title="Ed Iacobucci">Ed Iacobucci</a> (chief architect)</li>

<li><a href="Barry_Appelman" title="Barry Appelman">Barry Appelman</a></li>

<li><a href="Joe_Belfiore" title="Joe Belfiore">Joe Belfiore</a></li>

<li><a href="Moshe_Dunie" title="Moshe Dunie">Moshe Dunie</a></li>

<li><a href="Naveen_Jain" title="Naveen Jain">Naveen Jain</a></li>

<li><a href="Susan_Kare" title="Susan Kare">Susan Kare</a></li>

<li><a href="Galina_Kofman" title="Galina Kofman">Galina Kofman</a></li>

<li><a href="Barry_Leiba" title="Barry Leiba">Barry Leiba</a></li>

<li><a href="Gordon_Letwin" title="Gordon Letwin">Gordon Letwin</a></li>

<li><a href="John_R._Patrick" title="John R. Patrick">John R. Patrick</a></li>

<li><a href="Mark_Zbikowski" title="Mark Zbikowski">Mark Zbikowski</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="OS/2_Warp_Connect" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/2 Warp Connect">Warp Connect</a></li>

<li><a href="Workplace_OS" title="Workplace OS">Warp Connect (PowerPC Edition)</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Information_Presentation_Facility" title="Information Presentation Facility">Information Presentation Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Installable_File_System" title="Installable File System">Installable File System</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_LAN_Server" title="IBM LAN Server">LAN Server</a></li>

<li><a href="Presentation_Manager" title="Presentation Manager">Presentation Manager</a></li>

<li><a href="Windows_Libraries_for_OS/2" title="Windows Libraries for OS/2">Windows Libraries for OS/2</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology<br>and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="IBM_Common_User_Access" title="IBM Common User Access">Common User Access</a></li>

<li><a href="High_Performance_File_System" title="High Performance File System">High Performance File System</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pinball_(file_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinball (file system)">Pinball</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="JFS_(file_system)" title="JFS (file system)">Journaled File System</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Executable" title="New Executable">New Executable</a></li>

<li><a href="Shadow_(OS/2)" title="Shadow (OS/2)">Shadow</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_System_Object_Model" title="IBM System Object Model">System Object Model</a></li>

<li><a href="IBM_Systems_Application_Architecture" title="IBM Systems Application Architecture">Systems Application Architecture</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Successors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="EComStation" title="EComStation">eComStation</a></li>

<li><a href="ArcaOS" title="ArcaOS">ArcaOS</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> Category</li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:OS/2" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:OS/2">Commons</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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